{"id":80,"date":"2022-11-16T15:23:45","date_gmt":"2022-11-16T15:23:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/?page_id=80"},"modified":"2023-01-12T09:51:18","modified_gmt":"2023-01-12T09:51:18","slug":"80-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/?page_id=80","title":{"rendered":"El personaje hist\u00f3rico"},"content":{"rendered":"

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El personaje hist\u00f3rico<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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El Papa Luna fue uno de los personajes m\u00e1s relevantes de la historia de Arag\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

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El Papa Luna<\/h2>\n

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\u00a0Pedro Mart\u00ednez de Luna y P\u00e9rez de Gotor, perteneciente a uno de los m\u00e1s importantes linajes nobles de la historia de Arag\u00f3n, naci\u00f3 en el castillo palacio de Illueca el 25 de noviembre de 1328.<\/p>\n

Fue el segundo hijo de Juan Mart\u00ednez de Luna y de Mar\u00eda P\u00e9rez de Gotor, en cuyo matrimonio se conjugaron los se\u00f1or\u00edos de Morata, Gotor e Illueca.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Para conocer mejor la figura del Papa Luna puedes acceder al enlace superior que te llevar\u00e1 a la web dedicada a los personajes ilustres de Arag\u00f3n, realizada por el Gobierno de Arag\u00f3n con motivo del 40 aniversario del Estatuto de Autonom\u00eda.<\/p>\n

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El Cisma de Occidente<\/h2>\n

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Estudi\u00f3 Derecho Can\u00f3nico en la Universidad de Montpellier (Francia) donde obtuvo el grado de doctor en Decretos. Ocup\u00f3 diferentes cargos en la Corona de Arag\u00f3n, demostrando su val\u00eda como jurista y su rectitud de costumbres, lo que, unido a su linaje, le granje\u00f3 la confianza del papa Gregorio XI, que lo nombr\u00f3 cardenal di\u00e1cono en 1375.<\/p>\n

En 1378 se desencaden\u00f3 el conocido Cisma de Occidente, al elegirse dos papas: Urbano VI en Roma y Clemente VII en Anagni. Pedro Mart\u00ednez de Luna tom\u00f3 partido por este \u00faltimo y fue enviado como legado pontificio ante los reyes de Arag\u00f3n, Castilla, Navarra y Portugal para lograr la obediencia al papa Clemente por los reinos hisp\u00e1nicos.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A la muerte de Clemente VII en 1394, Pedro Mart\u00ednez de Luna fue nombrado papa bajo el nombre de Benedicto XIII. El cisma se mantuvo abierto, pues en Roma se hab\u00eda elegido como sucesor de Urbano VI a Bonifacio IX. El Papa Luna fue progresivamente perdiendo apoyos de los monarcas y cardenales que le hab\u00edan sido fieles hasta 1417, fecha en la que se eligi\u00f3 un nuevo pont\u00edfice: Mart\u00edn V, deponiendo a los papas existentes hasta la fecha. Benedicto XIII permaneci\u00f3 fiel a sus convicciones y nunca renunci\u00f3 a su papado, lo que le supuso el abandono de sus \u00faltimos colaboradores, su excomuni\u00f3n y su declaraci\u00f3n como hereje.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pedro Mart\u00ednez de Luna tuvo un destacado papel hist\u00f3rico, inspirando la elecci\u00f3n de Fernando de Antequera como rey de Arag\u00f3n en el Compromiso de Caspe (1412). Adem\u00e1s, ejerci\u00f3 de mecenas de importantes obras art\u00edsticas y arquitect\u00f3nicas del Arag\u00f3n de su tiempo.<\/p>\n

Benedicto XIII muri\u00f3 en el castillo de Pe\u00f1\u00edscola en 1423 a la edad de 95 a\u00f1os. Poco despu\u00e9s, seg\u00fan relata en su cr\u00f3nica Mart\u00edn de Alpartir, comenz\u00f3 a extenderse sobre su figura un aura milagrosa que propici\u00f3 el traslado de sus restos a tierras aragonesas.<\/p>\n

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Su huella<\/h2>\n

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La huella de Benedicto XIII permanece en muchos lugares de Arag\u00f3n. As\u00ed, podemos contemplar numerosos edificios relacionados con este mecenas, como su propio castillo palacio natal en Illueca en el que campea su escudo familiar por doquier; el claustro de la iglesia colegiata de Santa Mar\u00eda de Calatayud, que a\u00fan luce su inicial en la clave de sus b\u00f3vedas; o la iglesia mud\u00e9jar de Tobed, que conserva la ense\u00f1a papal en una de sus claves.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tambi\u00e9n aparece retratado en algunas obras, como la tabla titulada \u201cBenedicto XIII entre dos cardenales de la obediencia de Avignon, a modo de San Pedro\u201d, del siglo XV, procedente de la iglesia de Paniza y hoy expuesta en el Alma Mater Museum de Zaragoza.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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El personaje hist\u00f3rico El Papa Luna fue uno de los personajes m\u00e1s relevantes de la historia de Arag\u00f3n.El Papa Luna\u00a0Pedro Mart\u00ednez de Luna y P\u00e9rez de Gotor, perteneciente a uno de los m\u00e1s importantes linajes nobles de la historia de Arag\u00f3n, naci\u00f3 en el castillo palacio de Illueca el 25 de noviembre de 1328. Fue […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-80","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=80"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":178,"href":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80\/revisions\/178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/craneopapaluna.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=80"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}